noun
refined sugar; white sugar
Specifically refers to highly refined white sugar, as opposed to unrefined or brown sugar.
このレシピには精白糖を使います。
This recipe uses refined sugar.
白砂糖 also means white sugar, but 精白糖 emphasizes the refining process more explicitly.
Compound of 精 (refine) + 白 (white) + 糖 (sugar).