noun
research organization; investigative body
Refers to an institution, agency, or group that conducts systematic research or investigation, such as a think tank, survey institute, or official inquiry body.
その調査機関は環境問題について詳しい報告書を出した。
The research organization issued a detailed report on environmental issues.
事故の原因を調べるため、独立した調査機関が設置された。
An independent investigative body was established to look into the cause of the accident.
研究所 is a research laboratory or institute, often more concrete and physical, while 調査機関 emphasizes the function of investigation and may include committees or survey organizations.
調査団 is a research or investigation team, typically a temporary group, whereas 調査機関 is a permanent or formal organization.
Compound of 調査 (investigation, research) and 機関 (organization, agency). The meaning is transparent from its parts.