Republic of China; ROC; Taiwan
Modern common usage referring to Taiwan, the government that relocated there after 1949. Often used interchangeably with 台湾 in everyday contexts, though political nuance exists.
The Republic of China effectively governs Taiwan.
The ROC passport allows visa-free travel to many countries.
Historical term for the government that ruled mainland China from 1912 until its retreat to Taiwan in 1949. Used in historical contexts.
The Republic of China was established in 1912 and governed mainland China until 1949.