how much; how many; how; to what extent
Archaic interrogative adverb; in modern Japanese, どのくらい, いくら, or どう are used instead.
In classical texts, it was used like 'how much money did you pay?'
Archaic concessive use, often in patterns like なんぼう...とも; modern equivalents include どんなに...ても or いくら...でも.
There is an old expression: 'No matter how hard it is, you must endure.'