full load; total load
Technical term used in engineering, logistics, and aviation to refer to the maximum or complete weight a structure, vehicle, or system is designed to carry or is currently bearing.
The full load of this bridge is designed to be 50 tons.
The truck is climbing the slope with a full load.
最大荷重 means 'maximum load' and is often used interchangeably with 全荷重 in contexts of limits, but 全荷重 can also mean the current total load being carried.
Compound of 全 (ぜん, 'all, whole') and 荷重 (かじゅう, 'load, weight'). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term follows standard Sino-Japanese word formation patterns.