elementary mathematics
Refers to basic or introductory mathematics, typically at the primary or early secondary school level.
初等数学の範囲で解ける問題です。
It's a problem that can be solved within the scope of elementary mathematics.
Higher mathematics; more advanced than 初等数学, typically covering calculus and beyond.
Arithmetic; the elementary school subject, more focused on basic calculation than the broader 初等数学.
Compound of 初等 (elementary, primary) and 数学 (mathematics).