previous job; last position
Refers to the job or position one held immediately before the current one. Common in resumes and career discussions.
My previous job was sales department manager.
Refers to the person who held a specific position before the current holder. Often used in business or official contexts.
I will take over the methods of my predecessor.
履歴書に前職の経験を詳しく書いてください。
Please write your previous job experience in detail on your resume.
現職 is the position someone holds now, while 前職 is the position they held before.
Compound of 前 (zen, 'previous') and 職 (shoku, 'job' or 'position').