basic medicine; preclinical medicine
Refers to the foundational medical sciences such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pathology, as opposed to clinical medicine.
In medical school, students study basic medicine during the first two years.
臨床医学 is clinical medicine, the practical application of medical knowledge to patients, while 基礎医学 is the underlying scientific foundation.
Compound of 基礎 (foundation, basis) and 医学 (medical science).