satellite cell; amphicyte
A type of glial cell that surrounds neuron cell bodies in ganglia. Used in neuroanatomy and histology.
Satellite cells surround neuronal cell bodies in ganglia.
グリア細胞 is the broader category of glial cells, while 外套細胞 refers specifically to satellite cells in the peripheral nervous system.
Compound of 外套 (がいとう, 'mantle' or 'outer covering') and 細胞 (さいぼう, 'cell'), likely a calque from German 'Mantelzellen' or English 'satellite cells'.