Kanji 改 reformation, change, modify Related words 後こう 悔かい 後悔 is general regret about past actions, while 悔い改め implies a deeper moral turning away and change of behavior.
反はん 省せい 反省 is reflection on one's actions, often with a sense of self-criticism, but does not necessarily carry the same weight of moral transformation as 悔い改め .
Written forms 悔く い 改あらた め Usage 100%
Standard spelling using both kanji.
悔くい 改あらた め
Variant spelling omitting the okurigana い ; less common but attested.
Etymology Compound of 悔い (regret) and 改め (reform, change), from the verbs 悔いる and 改める . The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the combination naturally expresses the concept of repentant change.
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