multiple-choice question
A question where one correct answer is chosen from several options. Common in tests and quizzes.
This exam mainly consists of multiple-choice questions.
選択問題 is a broader term for any question requiring a choice, while 択一問題 specifically means choosing one answer from several options.
Compound of 択一 (たくいつ, 'choosing one') and 問題 (もんだい, 'question').