shotgun
A firearm that fires multiple small pellets (shot) rather than a single bullet. Used in hunting, sport shooting, and law enforcement.
彼は散弾銃でクレー射撃を楽しんでいる。
He enjoys clay shooting with a shotgun.
散弾銃 specifically means 'shotgun', a common type of 猟銃 used for hunting birds and small game.
散弾銃 (shotgun) fires a spread of pellets at short range, whereas ライフル (rifle) fires a single bullet with long-range accuracy.
Compound of 散弾 (shot, pellets) and 銃 (gun). The spelling 散弾 is standard; 霰弾 is a rare variant using the character for 'hail' to evoke the scattering of pellets.