mathematical science
An academic field that applies mathematical methods to scientific problems; often used in university department names and research contexts.
He earned a doctorate in mathematical science.
The Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences attracts many students.
数学 is general mathematics, while 数理科学 emphasizes the application of mathematics to science and engineering.
応用数学 is applied mathematics, closely related but 数理科学 often has a broader interdisciplinary scope.
Compound of 数理 (mathematical principles) and 科学 (science). The term is a modern academic coinage, likely influenced by English 'mathematical science'.