orthopaedic surgeon
A doctor specializing in the surgical treatment of bones, joints, and muscles.
He is a famous orthopaedic surgeon.
plastic surgeon
A doctor who performs cosmetic or reconstructive surgery. In Japanese medical contexts, 整形外科 usually refers to orthopaedics, but 整形外科医 can also be understood as a plastic surgeon in certain contexts.
I consulted a plastic surgeon and decided to have cosmetic surgery.