caretaker government; interim cabinet
A temporary government formed to manage affairs until a permanent one is established, often after a resignation or election.
After the election, a caretaker government was formed.
内閣 is a general term for 'cabinet' or 'government', while 暫定内閣 specifically refers to a temporary or caretaker cabinet.
Compound of 暫定 (zantei, 'temporary, provisional') and 内閣 (naikaku, 'cabinet').