historical science
Academic term referring to the scientific study of history, often used in contexts like philosophy of history or methodology.
Historical science is a discipline that systematically studies the past based on historical sources.
歴史学 is the more common term for 'history' as an academic field, while 歴史科学 emphasizes the scientific or methodological aspect.
科学 means 'science' in general; 歴史科学 specifically applies scientific methods to history.
Compound of 歴史 (history) and 科学 (science). The exact origin is uncertain, but it likely emerged in modern academic discourse to distinguish scientific approaches to history.