highest priestly rank
Buddhist term for the top rank among priests, especially in certain sects.
After many years of training, he was granted the rank of hōin.
mountain ascetic monk
Refers to a monk who practices asceticism in the mountains, often associated with Shugendō.
The hōin monks walked the steep mountain paths for their ascetic practice.
distinguishing marks of Buddhism
Signs or characteristics that set Buddhist teachings apart from other religions; a technical term.
The Three Dharma Seals and Four Dharma Seals are well-known as distinguishing marks of Buddhism.
honorary title for great physician or painter
Historically bestowed upon eminent doctors or artists; now largely historical or honorific.
In the Edo period, the title hōin was sometimes given to outstanding physicians.
From Middle Chinese 法印 (püop ʔjinH), literally 'Dharma seal'. The term originally referred to a seal or stamp certifying Buddhist teachings, later extended to ranks and titles.