Smallpox, also called variola, was eradicated through vaccination.
Standard kanji spelling for smallpox in medical contexts.
Mixed kanji-kana spelling sometimes used when the second kanji is considered difficult or uncommon.
From Chinese 痘瘡 (dòuchuāng), meaning smallpox. The kanji 痘 means 'pox' and 瘡 means 'sore' or 'skin lesion'.