せいぜい
Meanings
1
usually written using kana alone
Expresses an upper limit or modest estimate, often with a nuance of 'no more than this'. Used to downplay expectations or state a maximum.
This work will take at most one hour.
His English is at best junior high school level.
2
as much as possible; to the utmost
usually written using kana alone
Used when encouraging someone to do their best within their limits, or when stating one will do all one can. Often appears in expressions like せいぜい頑張る.
Do your best on tomorrow's exam.
I'll do my utmost as well.
Usage patterns
- せいぜい〈数〉ぐらいだat most about 〈number〉
The bonus for this job is at most about 50,000 yen.
- せいぜい頑張るto do the best one can (within one's limits)
I don't have much talent, but I intend to do my best anyway.
- せいぜい〈数〉しかないthere is no more than 〈number〉 at most
There's at most two days' worth of food in the fridge.
- せいぜい〈動詞〉ことだthe best you can do is to ~ (often sarcastic)
If you're so confident, go ahead and do your best (we'll see).