Suffix attached to nouns denoting a state or condition, often as 〜裏に, meaning 'in the midst of' or 'under the circumstances of'. Used in formal or literary contexts.
We completed the project with success.
The talks were held in a friendly atmosphere.
back; reverse side · hidden side; behind the scenes; dark side
one's mind; in one's head
shuriken; throwing star; small throwing blade
front and back; both sides; inside and outside · duplicity; double-dealing; two-facedness
sunken hearth; traditional open fireplace
successfully; with success; ending in success
imperial palace · emperor and empress dolls
arena; field; sphere
temple kitchen; monastery kitchen · head priest's quarters
shade; shadowy area
in the heart; in one's mind
one's heart; one's mind; one's bosom
inland sea; enclosed sea; inlet · Caspian Sea
inside this; within
image reflected in a mirror; inside of a mirror · other side of a mirror; rear of a mirror
peaceful; peaceable; amicable
secretly; covertly; tacitly
Standard kanji spelling for this suffix.
Variant kanji form; less common than 裏.
Derived from the kanji 裏 meaning 'back' or 'reverse side', used here as a suffix to indicate being within a certain state or condition. The exact historical development is uncertain.