noun
supply vessel; supply ship
Refers to a ship that delivers supplies, fuel, or provisions to other vessels or offshore platforms.
See also: プラットフォーム補給船 (プラットフォームほきゅうせん)
補給船が艦隊に燃料を届けた。
The supply vessel delivered fuel to the fleet.
noun
cargo spacecraft
Used for unmanned spacecraft that transport cargo to space stations, such as the ISS.
See also: 無人宇宙補給機 (むじんうちゅうほきゅうき)
日本の補給船「こうのとり」が国際宇宙ステーションに物資を運んだ。
Japan's cargo spacecraft 'Kounotori' transported supplies to the International Space Station.
無人宇宙補給機 is a more specific term for an unmanned space cargo vehicle, often used in technical contexts.
Compound of 補給 (supply, replenishment) and 船 (ship, vessel). The extension to spacecraft is a modern semantic broadening.