Formal term for diplomatic talks aimed at ending a conflict or war.
The two countries began peace negotiations.
和平交渉 is a more common modern term for peace negotiations, while 講和談判 is a formal, somewhat older-sounding compound.
Compound of 講和 (peace, reconciliation) and 談判 (negotiation, talks). The exact historical derivation is uncertain; the spelling is conventionally associated with formal diplomatic peace talks.