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JLPT N1Spoken and writtenHigh stakes

にかかっているhinges on; rides on

How something important turns out rests on one thing, and you say which. The outcome is still open, and a lot is riding on it.

How to form it

Outcome は + what decides it + にかかっている

The outcome is a noun (将しょう来らい, 勝しょう敗はい, 成せい功こう) or, very often, a question: 成せい功こうするかどうかは. What decides it is a noun or a question too.

Before に
A person (君きみ, 監かん督とく), what someone does (努ど力りょく, 判はん断だん, 返へん答とう, 準じゅん備び), or a question (どう使つかうか).
Tone
Weighty. With something small it tends to sound mock-serious.
Where you'll meet it
Conversation, pep talks, sports pages, news, business.

In use

Two things to know

がかかっている is "at stake"

Turn the sentence round and the particle changes.

The title is at stake in tomorrow's match.

Before が is what stands to be won or lost: the title.

かかっている has other meanings

かかる does many jobs, and some end the same way: 壁かべに絵えがかかっている, a picture is hanging on the wall; 病びょう気きにかかっている, to be ill with something. "Hinges on" has an outcome as its topic.

Close neighbours

次第N2

Also "depends on", but cooler, and fine for small things: 天てん気き次し第だい. にかかっている says how much is riding on it.

によって・によるN3

Things vary from case to case: 人ひとによる, it depends on the person. Nothing is at stake, and no one thing decides.

いかんN1

"Depends on" in stiff official writing.

Check yourself

1Which one fits?

このホテルの料りょう金きんは、季き節せつ(  )。

Choose an answer to see why.

2What does this mean?

次つぎの試し合あいには、決けっ勝しょう進しん出しゅつがかかっている。

Choose an answer to see why.

More sentences