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JLPT N4EverydayMatter-of-fact

必ひつ要ようがある・必ひつ要ようはないneed to; no need to

必ひつ要よう is a noun, "need". 必ひつ要ようがある says there is a need to do something, and 必ひつ要ようはない says there is none. Both state it as a fact, without ordering anyone.

With a verb

Verb dictionary form + 必ひつ要ようがある/必ひつ要ようはない

行いく必ひつ要ようがある, 行いく必ひつ要ようはない. Polite あります, ありません. The verb stays plain.

With a thing

Thing + が + 必ひつ要ようだ

お金かねが必ひつ要ようです, "I need money". Not needed: 予よ約やくは必ひつ要ようありません, "no booking is needed".

Need a thing, need to do something

English "need" is a verb. 必ひつ要よう is not, so a thing and an action are built differently.

You need a visa.

A thing: it takes が, and 必ひつ要ようだ ends the sentence.

You need to get a visa.

An action: the plain verb, then 必ひつ要ようがある.

Not said: ビザを必ひつ要ようです。

(You need a visa.)

The thing you need takes が, not を.

必ひつ要ようがある: it has to be done

This is how instructions, offices and doctors put it, and how you explain what a situation calls for.

For your own everyday errands it is heavy. In conversation people say ないと.

必ひつ要ようはない: there is no need

This one is common in conversation too, often to put someone at ease. 必ひつ要ようがない means the same. To tell someone not to bother, people mostly say 必ひつ要ようはない. In casual talk the particle often drops.

その必ひつ要ようはありません is a set reply: "that won't be necessary".

Close neighbours

なくてもいいN5

"It's fine not to." The everyday, softer way to take a duty away.

なければならないN5

"Must": a rule, or something you can't get out of. 必ひつ要ようがある only says the situation calls for it.

ことはないN3

Advice not to bother, or not to worry. Warmer than 必ひつ要ようはない.

Check yourself

1"You need a ticket."

チケット(  )必ひつ要ようです。

Choose an answer to see why.

2"You need to book."

予よ約やくする(  )。

Choose an answer to see why.

3A doctor says this. What does it mean?

この薬くすりは、もう飲のむ必ひつ要ようはありません。

Choose an answer to see why.

More detail

必ひつ要ようはなかった

In the past it covers both "didn't need to, and didn't" and "didn't need to, but did". Only the rest of the story says whether the thing was done.

Noun + の必ひつ要よう

A noun for an action can come before it with の, mostly in writing.

On signs: 不ふ要よう

The short opposite on signs and forms is 不ふ要よう: 予よ約やく不ふ要よう, "no booking needed".

More sentences