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Kotomora
JLPT N4EverydaySigns and forms

以い上じょう・以い下かor more; or less

以い上じょう is "that number or more", and 以い下か is "that number or less". Both include the number itself, which English "more than" and "less than" don't.

How to form it

Number + counter + 以い上じょう/以い下か

Before a noun it takes の: 三さん年ねん以い上じょうの経けい験けん, "three or more years of experience".

Before it
A number with its counter: an age, a price, a score, a size, a head count.
Where you'll meet it
Signs, forms, shop offers and weather forecasts, and in conversation too: 一いち時じ間かん以い上じょう待まちました, "I waited an hour or more".

The number itself counts

十じゅう人にん以い上じょう starts at ten, where English "more than ten" starts at eleven. To leave the number out, Japanese uses other words.

MeansIs ten in?
十じゅう人にん以い上じょうten or moreYes
十じゅう人にんより多おおいmore than tenNo
十じゅう人にん以い下かten or fewerYes
十じゅう人にん未み満まんfewer than tenNo

未み満まん is the word on signs and forms. より takes the adjective that fits: 千せん円えんより高たかい, "more than 1,000 yen".

In use

以い上じょうです: that's all

Will that be all?

Staff ask this when you finish ordering. You can answer はい、以い上じょうです.

Close neighbours

十じゅう万まん円えんはN4

は after a number is also "at least", as a rough estimate. 以い上じょう draws an exact line.

Verb + 以い上じょう(は)N2

After a verb, with no number, it is "now that" or "since".

Check yourself

1What does this sign mean?

六ろく歳さい以い下かは無む料りょうです。

Choose an answer to see why.

2What does this mean?

この映えい画がは、十じゅう五ご歳さい未み満まんの人ひとは見みられません。

Choose an answer to see why.

More detail

これ以い上じょう with a negative is "any more than this": もうこれ以い上じょう食たべられません, "I can't eat any more".

以い内ない is "within", and it includes the limit as well: 三みっ日か以い内ないに, "within three days".

More sentences