Kotomora
JLPT N4ConstructionSpoken
Furigana

Casual request

Ending an utterance with a verb in its -form makes a short, casual request. It is natural with family and friends, or when an urgent situation makes the intended request obvious.

How it works

The listener is normally understood to be the person who should perform the action, so the sentence can end immediately after the verb. Relationship, context, and intonation tell the listener that the form is a request rather than merely an unfinished sentence.

Typical casual requests

These requests are short because the relationship or situation makes the intended action clear.

ねえ、このはこけて

Hey, open this box.

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A natural request between family members or close friends.

あぶない!そこからはなれて

Watch out! Get away from there!

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In an urgent situation, the bare form is direct and appropriate.

明日あしたしゃしんおくってね

Send the photos tomorrow, okay?

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The final gives the request a friendly, cooperative tone.

A context-obvious request

A

がふさがってる。ドアをけて

My hands are full. Open the door.

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B

うん、いいよ。

Sure.

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The first sentence makes the reason for the request immediately clear.

The ordinary polite counterpart

The bare -form is for casual, direct requests. Add ください for the ordinary polite request used when the casual form would be inappropriate.

こちらにまえいてください

Please write your name here.

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This is the polite counterpart, not the casual target form.

More examples

ちょっと手伝てつだって

Help out for a second.

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そのしおって

Pass the salt.

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もういちこのもんだいせつめいして

Explain this problem one more time.

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ゆっくりはなしてね

Speak slowly, okay?

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さきって

Go on ahead.

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これ、んで

Read this.

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