Kotomora
JLPT N5Particle
Furigana

Material or components

marks the material, ingredient, or component used to make something. The marked item becomes part of the result.

What the marker tells you

The noun before answers a question such as “What material was it made from?” or “What ingredients or parts were used?” A verb of making, building, or assembling normally follows.

Materials and ingredients

The material may be one substance or a combination of ingredients.

ちちほんだなつくりました。

My father made a bookshelf out of wood.

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むぎたまごケーキをつくります。

We will make a cake with flour and eggs.

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Components forming a whole

いつつのひん、このおもちゃをてます。

We will assemble this toy from five wooden parts.

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Here the marked items are separate parts that become the finished toy.

Material or tool?

Material marks what becomes part of the result. The easily confused means use marks a tool or method that helps perform an action but does not become part of the result.

かみはこつくりました。

I made a box out of paper.

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The paper becomes the box, so it is the material.

はさみでかみりました。

I cut the paper with scissors.

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This is the neighboring means use: the scissors are a tool, not part of the cut paper.

More examples

ぬのちいさいふくろつくりました。

I made a small bag out of cloth.

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だいいしいえてました。

The carpenter built a house from wood and stone.

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どもたちはばこロボットをつくりました。

The children made a robot out of empty boxes.

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トマトときゅうりでサラダをつくりましょう。

Let's make a salad with tomatoes and cucumbers.

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ぎんゆびつくっています。

They are making a ring out of silver.

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かみたけちいさなたこをつくりました。

I made a small kite from paper and bamboo.

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