Kotomora
JLPT N5Particle
Furigana

Purpose of movement

This particle marks the activity that someone goes, comes, or returns in order to do. It follows a verb stem or an activity noun and comes before the movement verb.

What the purpose phrase tells you

The phrase before the movement verb answers “What is the person going there to do?” Make the purpose phrase from the polite form by removing final ます and adding . The final movement verb carries tense, politeness, or other endings.

Purpose made from a verb

はははケーキをいにえきまえみせきました。

My mother went to a shop near the station to buy a cake.

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ともだち日本にほんべんきょうしにました。

My friend came to study Japanese.

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With する, use しに.

Purpose made from an activity noun

A noun can go directly before when it naturally names the activity motivating the trip. Common examples include もの and さん; do not attach this pattern freely to every noun.

しゅうまつはよくぞくものきます。

I often go shopping with my family on weekends.

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Asking the purpose

To ask what someone is going or coming to do, use なにをしに before the movement verb.

なにをしにきょうきますか。

What are you going to Kyoto to do?

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More examples

明日あしたぎんこうへおかねろしにきます。

Tomorrow, I am going to the bank to withdraw money.

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なかさんはせんせいいにました。

Tanaka came to see the teacher.

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わすものりにかいしゃかえりました。

I returned to the office to get something I had left behind.

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にちようどもたちとこうえんさんきました。

On Sunday, I went to the park for a walk with the children.

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なつやすみにほっかいどうしゃしんりにきたいです。

I want to go to Hokkaido during summer vacation to take photographs.

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いもうとともだちえいきました。

My younger sister went to see a movie with a friend.

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なにをしにここへたんですか。

What did you come here to do?

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に (ni) – Purpose of movement