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JLPT N5EverydayExperience

たことがあるhave done; have never done

Something is part of your experience: you have done it at least once in your life. With ない on the end, you never have.

How to form it

Verb た-form + ことがある

Never: たことがない. Polite あります, ありません. In conversation the が often drops: 行いったことある?

Asking and answering

A short answer is enough too: はい、あります or いいえ、ありません.

English says "have been to". Japanese says 行いったことがある, with "went".

Once, several times, never

Things people say with it

聞きいたことがある is how you say you have heard of something, and 見みたことがある that something looks familiar.

Not every "have done"

English "have done" also covers something just finished. たことがある doesn't. And yesterday is too close to count as experience. Both take the plain past.

Not said: 昼ひるご飯はんはもう食たべたことがあります。

(I've already had lunch.)

昼ひるご飯はんはもう食たべました.

Not said: 昨日きのう、その映えい画がを見みたことがあります。

(I saw that film yesterday.)

昨日きのう、その映えい画がを見みました.

A time long ago is fine.

When I was a student, I climbed Mount Fuji several times.

English switches to the plain past once a time is named. Japanese can keep たことがある.

And it has to be over. Something still going on is ている.

行いったことがある or 行いくことがある?

I have walked to the office before.

た-form: it has happened at least once.

I sometimes walk to the office.

Dictionary form: it happens now and then.

Close neighbours

もう〜たN5

Already done. English says "have" for this as well.

まだ〜ていないN5

"Not yet": it is still to come. たことがない says only that it has never happened.

Check yourself

1"I've already done my homework."

Choose an answer to see why.

2What does this mean?

父ちちは中ちゅう国ごくに行いったことがあります。

Choose an answer to see why.

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