Kotomora
JLPT N5Particle
Furigana

With a companion or partner

marks the person, animal, or group with whom someone does something or takes part in a mutual relationship.

Choosing the companion

Place after the companion or partner. The verb then describes a shared activity or a relationship involving both sides, such as meeting, talking, playing, or marrying.

Shared and mutual actions

にちよういもうといっしょケーキをつくりました。

I made a cake together with my younger sister on Sunday.

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いっしょ emphasizes that they did the activity together.

昨日きのうなかさんとはなしました。

I talked with Tanaka yesterday.

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Asking who the companion is

A

だれとえいますか。

Who will you watch the movie with?

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B

あねます。

I’ll watch it with my older sister.

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A narrow contrast with the target marker

With , both and can occur. The first often presents the other person as a meeting partner, while the second presents that person as the one encountered or met. This is a tendency with this verb, not a universal rule for choosing between the two particles.

えきともだちいました。

I met up with my friend at the station.

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えきせんせいいました。

I met my teacher at the station.

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More examples

ともだちこうえんさんします。

I take walks in the park with a friend.

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ははスーパーへきました。

I went to the supermarket with my mother.

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らいげつだいがくともだちりょこうします。

Next month, I’m going on a trip with a university friend.

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おとうといぬあそんでいます。

My younger brother is playing with the dog.

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やまさんはらいねんこいびとけっこんします。

Yamada will marry their partner next year.

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かいのあと、ちょうはなしました。

After the meeting, I spoke with the department manager.

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