Translation guide
The act of formally giving up a position of power, especially a throne. In Japanese, the most common term is 退位 (たいい), specifically for an emperor or monarch. Other terms exist for resigning from non-royal positions or renouncing responsibilities.
To express the formal renunciation of a throne by a reigning monarch.
The standard term for abdication of a monarch, especially the Emperor of Japan. Used in formal and news contexts.
The Emperor expressed his intention to abdicate.
The abdication ceremony was held.
Literally 'yielding the throne'. Often used historically or in contexts emphasizing the transfer of the throne to a successor. Slightly more literary than 退位.
The previous emperor abdicated due to illness.
To express stepping down from a position of authority, such as a CEO, chairman, or political leader, often with a sense of formality.
General term for resignation from a position. Can be used for company presidents, prime ministers, etc. Not limited to royalty.
The company president announced his resignation.
Idiomatic phrase meaning 'to step down' or 'withdraw'. Implies taking responsibility and leaving a position, often used in politics or business.
He should take responsibility and step down.
To express giving up a role, duty, or responsibility, not necessarily a formal position.
Means 'abandonment' or 'renunciation'. Used for giving up rights, responsibilities, or duties. Can be used in contexts like 'abdication of responsibility'.
Abdication of responsibility is not acceptable.
Literally 'throw out', meaning to abandon or give up halfway. Often used for quitting a task or responsibility abruptly.
退位 (たいい) is specifically for monarchs abdicating the throne. 辞任 (じにん) is for resigning from any other position, like a job or political office. Using 退位 for a company president would be incorrect and sound strange.
The English word 'abdication' can be used figuratively (e.g., 'abdication of responsibility'). In Japanese, 退位 is never used figuratively. Use 放棄 (ほうき) or other terms for non-royal contexts.
The king's abdication shocked the nation.
His abdication of parental duties led to problems.
The prime minister's resignation is being demanded.
彼は仕事を投げ出した。
He abandoned his work (abdicated his duties).