Translation guide
An almanac is an annual publication containing a calendar, astronomical data, weather forecasts, and various other information. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 暦 (こよみ), but depending on the specific type of almanac, other terms like 年鑑 (ねんかん) or アルマナック (あるまなっく) may be used.
almanac (calendar type)
almanac (yearbook type)
A traditional almanac that includes calendar dates, sunrise/sunset times, moon phases, tides, and seasonal information, often used for farming or daily life.
The most common and general term for a calendar or almanac. It can refer to both a simple calendar and a more detailed almanac with astronomical data.
This almanac includes the phases of the moon.
While primarily meaning 'calendar', it can be used for simple almanacs that focus on dates and basic astronomical data. Less traditional than 暦.
This calendar/almanac has the times of sunrise and sunset written on it.
A direct loanword from English, used for Western-style almanacs. Not commonly used in everyday Japanese; mostly in specific contexts like '農事暦' (のうじれき, farmer's almanac) or when referring to foreign publications.
He buys the farmer's almanac every year.
A comprehensive annual publication that summarizes events, statistics, or information from the past year, such as a sports almanac or world almanac.
The standard term for a yearbook or annual reference book covering a specific field (e.g., sports, politics, science).
This sports almanac contains all the records from last year.
Often used for annual reports or bulletins, especially by organizations. Can overlap with 'almanac' when it's a statistical summary.
Again, the loanword, but it can be used for Western-style reference almanacs. Still not common.
暦 (こよみ) is a traditional Japanese almanac that often includes detailed astronomical and seasonal information, while カレンダー is a more modern, simple calendar. If you want to emphasize the traditional, data-rich aspect, use 暦.
Directly translating 'almanac' as アルマナック is not common and may sound unnatural. Use 暦 or 年鑑 depending on the context.
気象年報にはその年の天気のデータがまとめられている。
The meteorological almanac summarizes the weather data for the year.
The World Almanac provides information from around the world.