Translation guide
How to express that something is attributed to someone or something in Japanese, covering both formal and casual contexts.
To say that a particular person is the source or creator of something, such as a quote, artwork, or theory.
A versatile pattern meaning 'by N' or 'attributed to N'. Used for works, statements, etc.
この絵はピカソによる作品です。
This painting is a work by Picasso.
その言葉はシェイクスピアによるものだ。
Those words are attributed to Shakespeare.
To say that something is the result of a particular cause or factor.
Common pattern meaning 'it's because of N' or 'it's N's fault'. Often implies a negative outcome.
遅刻は交通渋滞のせいだ。
The lateness is due to traffic congestion.
Neutral pattern meaning 'due to N' or 'caused by N'. Used for both positive and negative causes.
To say that someone or something possesses a certain quality, often in a formal or analytical sense.
Formal phrase meaning 'to be attributed to N' or 'to belong to N'. Used for abstract qualities.
この特性は遺伝に帰属する。
This trait is attributed to genetics.
Suffix meaning 'made by N' or 'work of N', used for artistic creations.
これはゴッホ作の絵です。
This is a painting by Van Gogh.
Formal verb meaning 'to attribute to'. Often used in academic or analytical contexts.
その発見は彼の努力に帰せられる。
The discovery is attributed to his efforts.
This problem is due to a misunderstanding.
Formal verb meaning 'to originate from' or 'to be caused by'. Used in technical or written contexts.
事故は人為的ミスに起因する。
The accident is attributed to human error.