Translation guide
Expresses the state of feeling deep sorrow or distress. In Japanese, this is often conveyed through verbs and adjectives describing emotional pain, sadness, or being troubled.
The speaker is personally experiencing grief, sorrow, or emotional pain.
The most direct verb for 'to grieve' or 'to feel sad'. It can be used for personal grief or sorrow over an event.
He is grieving over his friend's death.
I was deeply grieved to hear the news.
To lament or grieve, often with a sense of bewailing or expressing sorrow outwardly. Slightly more literary or intense than 悲しむ.
He lamented his fate.
Literally 'to hurt one's heart', meaning to be distressed or grieved. Emphasizes emotional pain.
It grieves me to think about that accident.
To grieve or worry about something, often with a nuance of anxiety or concern. More formal and less common in daily speech.
To be grieved about the future of the country.
The speaker is bothered, distressed, or saddened by a situation, but not necessarily in deep mourning.
The adjective 'sad'. Used to describe a state of being sad or grieved. Often used in the form 悲しく思う (to feel sad).
I felt grieved hearing that story.
To suffer or be tormented. Can be used for emotional suffering, implying grief mixed with anguish.
悲しむ is the general verb for feeling sad or grieving. 嘆く implies a more vocal or expressive lamentation, often used in literary contexts or when bewailing a situation. In everyday speech, 悲しむ is more common.
She was grieving.
He lamented the state of the world.
彼は罪悪感に苦しんでいる。
He is grieved with guilt.