Translation guide
Expresses that something remains true or happens despite a previously mentioned condition or concession. Often used to emphasize that even under those circumstances, the outcome is unchanged.
To say that something is true or happens even considering the previous statement.
To emphasize that a condition or situation does not change the outcome, often hypothetical.
Used for hypothetical concessions: 'even if that were the case'. Often followed by a statement of resolve or unchanging fact.
たとえそうでも、私は諦めない。
But even then, I won't give up.
A slightly more formal or written version of 'たとえそうでも'. Means 'even if that is the case'.
To refer back to a specific past moment and say that even at that time something was true.
Combines 'それでも' with 'その時' to explicitly mean 'but even then (at that time)'. Used when the time reference is important.
彼は若かった。それでもその時は、もう大人のように見えた。
He was young. But even then, he already looked like an adult.
Both mean 'but even then', but それでも is neutral and simply states a contrast. それなのに adds a feeling of surprise, disappointment, or complaint, similar to 'and yet' or 'despite that' in English.
たくさん食べた。それでもまだお腹が空いている。
I ate a lot. But even then, I'm still hungry. (neutral)
たくさん食べた。それなのにまだお腹が空いている。
I ate a lot. And yet, I'm still hungry. (surprised/complaining)
Do not translate 'but even then' word-for-word as 'しかしさえその時' etc. These are unnatural in Japanese. Use the patterns above instead.
A common and natural way to say 'but even then' or 'even so'. Connects two clauses where the second is contrary to what might be expected from the first.
雨が降っていた。それでも彼は出かけた。
It was raining. But even then, he went out.
Similar to 'それでも' but often carries a nuance of surprise or complaint. More like 'and yet' or 'despite that'.
彼は十分に練習した。それなのに失敗した。
He practiced enough. But even then, he failed.
A more formal or written expression meaning 'in spite of that'. Can be used at the beginning of a sentence or after a noun.
彼は病気だった。にもかかわらず、会議に出席した。
He was sick. But even then, he attended the meeting.
そうであっても、規則は規則だ。
But even then, rules are rules.