にもかかわらず

expression

in spite of; despite; although

Used after a noun, adjective, or verb clause to express that something happens contrary to what is expected. Often follows である, な, い, or a plain verb form.

• 雨あめにもかかわらず、多おおくの人ひとが集あつまった。

  Despite the rain, many people gathered.

• 彼かれは忙いそがしいにもかかわらず、手伝てつだってくれた。

  Although he was busy, he helped me.

conjunction

nonetheless; nevertheless; but; yet

Used at the beginning of a sentence or clause to connect contrasting statements, similar to 'even so' or 'that said'. More common in written or formal speech.

• 彼かれは十じゅう分ぶんに準じゅん備びした。にもかかわらず、試し験けんに落おちた。

  He prepared thoroughly. Nevertheless, he failed the exam.

• 景けい気きは回かい復ふくしている。にもかかわらず、失しつ業ぎょう率りつは高たかいままだ。

  The economy is recovering. Yet the unemployment rate remains high.