Translation guide
The word 'climate' can refer to long-term weather patterns of a region, or metaphorically to the prevailing atmosphere or mood in a situation. This guide covers both literal and figurative uses.
Referring to the typical weather conditions of an area over a long period.
The standard word for 'climate' in the meteorological sense. Used in formal and everyday contexts.
Japan's climate has four seasons.
Climate change is a serious problem.
Refers to the natural features and climate of a region, often with cultural connotations. More literary than 気候.
The climate of this region is suitable for rice cultivation.
Referring to the prevailing psychological or social environment, such as in a workplace or political situation.
The most common word for 'atmosphere' or 'mood'. Can be used for physical spaces or social situations.
The climate at the company is very good.
Literally 'air', but often used metaphorically for the mood or atmosphere, especially in phrases like '空気を読む' (read the room).
A suffix meaning 'momentum' or 'climate' in the sense of a growing trend or movement. Often used in formal or journalistic contexts.
The climate for reform is growing.
気候 (climate) refers to long-term weather patterns, while 天気 (weather) refers to short-term conditions. Do not confuse them.
Today's weather is sunny.
The climate of this region is mild.
Using 気候 to mean 'atmosphere' or 'mood' is unnatural. Use 雰囲気 or 空気 instead.
The climate of the meeting turned sour.
職場の空気が重い。
The climate at work is tense.