Translation guide
The English word "condition" covers several distinct meanings. This guide breaks them down into practical categories for Japanese learners.
Describing the current state, situation, or circumstances of something or someone.
General term for the state or condition of something. Works for objects, systems, health, etc.
道路の状態が悪い。
The road conditions are bad.
彼の健康状態は良好だ。
His health condition is good.
Often used for physical condition, health, or how something is functioning. More casual than 状態.
今日は体の具合が悪い。
I'm not feeling well today. (lit. My body's condition is bad.)
エアコンの具合がおかしい。
The air conditioner is acting up. (lit. The condition of the AC is strange.)
Refers to the situation or circumstances, often broader than 状態. Used for contexts like weather, traffic, or social situations.
交通状況を確認してください。
Please check the traffic conditions.
Used for condition in terms of performance, mood, or how something is running. Common for machines, body, or rhythm.
最近、体の調子がいい。
I've been in good shape lately.
車の調子が悪い。
The car isn't running well.
Something that must be fulfilled or agreed upon, often in contracts, rules, or agreements.
The standard word for a condition in the sense of a requirement, term, or prerequisite.
契約の条件を確認する。
Check the conditions of the contract.
合格の条件は何ですか。
What are the conditions for passing?
Pattern meaning "on the condition that..."
禁煙という条件で部屋を借りた。
I rented the room on the condition that it's non-smoking.
Referring to a health problem, disease, or disorder.
General word for illness or disease. Often used when "condition" means a medical issue.
彼は心臓の病気を抱えている。
He has a heart condition.
Refers to symptoms or a specific medical condition. Often used in clinical contexts.
A chronic condition or pre-existing illness.
Referring to being in good or bad physical shape, often related to exercise.
Physical condition, often used in the context of health and fitness.
体調を整えるために運動している。
I exercise to stay in good condition.
Loanword from English, often used in sports or fitness contexts.
今日はコンディションがいい。
I'm in good condition today.
As a verb, "to condition" means to train, influence, or determine behavior.
To condition or determine something based on certain factors.
子供の行動は環境によって条件付けられる。
Children's behavior is conditioned by their environment.
To accustom or condition someone to something, often through repeated exposure.
犬を新しい家に慣らす。
Condition the dog to the new house.
状態 (じょうたい) is the most general for state/condition of things. 状況 (じょうきょう) is for broader situations or circumstances. 具合 (ぐあい) is often used for personal physical condition or how something is functioning, and is more casual.
While コンディション is common in sports and fitness, using it for general states or medical conditions can sound unnatural. Stick to native Japanese words like 状態 or 体調 unless you're specifically talking about athletic performance.
その車は状態が非常に良い。
The car is in excellent condition.
どのような条件なら受け入れますか。
Under what conditions will you accept?
彼は珍しい皮膚の病気を持っている。
He has a rare skin condition.
その症状はストレスが原因かもしれない。
That condition might be caused by stress.
I have a chronic condition, so I visit the hospital regularly.