Translation guide
Describes things that last a long time without breaking or wearing out. Japanese has several words for 'durable' depending on what is being described and the nuance.
To describe objects or materials that are strong and resist wear, damage, or breakage over time.
The most common and versatile word for 'durable' or 'sturdy'. Used for everyday objects like furniture, clothing, bags, etc. Implies physical toughness and resistance to damage.
These shoes are very durable and last a long time.
A bag made of durable material.
Emphasizes solidity and robustness, often used for structures, machinery, or heavy-duty items. Stronger than 丈夫.
This desk is durable; it won't break even if handled roughly.
Literally 'has durability'. More formal and often used in product descriptions or technical contexts.
This product is highly durable.
Verb phrase meaning 'to last a long time'. Focuses on longevity rather than physical toughness. Often used for consumables or items that wear out slowly.
These batteries are durable (last a long time).
To describe things that withstand environmental factors like water, sun, or heavy use without deteriorating.
Specifically means 'water-resistant' or 'waterproof'. Use when durability against water is the focus.
This watch is durable (water-resistant), so it's safe even on rainy days.
Can also imply general resistance to wear and tear, but less specific than 耐水性 etc.
To describe non-physical things that last or remain strong over time.
丈夫 is the go-to word for everyday durability (clothes, shoes, bags). 頑丈 implies a heavier, more solid durability (furniture, buildings, machines). Using 頑丈 for a shirt would sound odd.
This shirt is durable.
This safe is durable (solid).
丈夫 can mean 'healthy' or 'robust' when describing a person's body, but it does not mean 'durable' in the sense of 'emotionally durable' or 'a durable worker'. For emotional resilience, use 精神的に強い (せいしんてきにつよい) or similar.
This fabric is durable and doesn't fade easily even after washing.
Aim for a durable (sustainable) society.