Translation guide
The English verb "enumerate" means to list items one by one. In Japanese, the most natural way to express this depends on whether you are simply listing things, counting them, or giving a detailed account. Common approaches include using verbs like 列挙する (rekkyo suru) for formal listing, 数え上げる (kazoageru) for counting out, or more casual phrasing like 一つ一つ挙げる (hitotsu hitotsu ageru).
To mention a number of things individually, often in a systematic or exhaustive way, such as in a report or argument.
The most direct equivalent for 'enumerate' in formal contexts. Often used in writing or speeches to mean listing points, reasons, examples, etc.
Please enumerate the issues.
He enumerated the reasons for his opposition.
Literally 'to put in bullet points'. Used when you want to list items in a clear, itemized format.
Please enumerate the main points in bullet points.
Means 'to list one by one'. More conversational than 列挙する but still clear.
He enumerated his strengths one by one.
To count or name things one after another, often to determine a total or to check completeness.
To describe or recount events, details, or steps in order, often in a story or explanation.
Means 'to explain in detail' or 'to give a detailed account'. Used when enumerating facts or events thoroughly.
He enumerated the circumstances of the incident.
A more general phrase meaning 'to explain in detail'. Suitable for casual or semi-formal situations.
Please enumerate the steps in detail.
列挙する is quite formal and may sound stiff in everyday conversation. For casual listing, use 挙げる (あげる) or 並べる (ならべる) instead.
Try listing your favorite foods.
列挙する emphasizes the act of listing items (often in an organized way), while 数え上げる emphasizes counting them one by one. Use 列挙する for presenting a list of reasons or examples; use 数え上げる when the focus is on the counting process or reaching a total.
She began to enumerate his faults.
I enumerated the parts in the box one by one.