Translation guide
The English word "explanation" can be expressed in Japanese through several nouns and verbs, each with different nuances regarding formality, detail, and context. The most common and versatile word is 説明 (setsumei), but alternatives like 解説 (kaisetsu) for expert commentary and 言い訳 (iiwake) for excuses are also important.
To give a general account or clarification of something, making it understandable.
The most common and versatile word for 'explanation'. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and as a noun or verb (説明する).
彼はその問題について詳しい説明をした。
He gave a detailed explanation of the problem.
この機械の使い方を説明してください。
Please explain how to use this machine.
Used for expert commentary, analysis, or a detailed explanation, often in media like news, sports, or academic contexts. It implies a more in-depth or professional breakdown.
ニュースの解説を聞いて、状況がよくわかった。
After listening to the news commentary, I understood the situation well.
A formal explanation or vindication, often used when someone is clarifying their position or justifying their actions, especially in public or official contexts.
大臣は疑惑について釈明した。
The minister gave an explanation regarding the allegations.
To explain one's actions as a way of making excuses or justifying behavior, often with a negative connotation.
An excuse or justification, often used when someone is trying to avoid blame. Can be used as a noun or verb (言い訳する). Note that it can sound defensive.
Using 言い訳 can imply that the explanation is not fully honest or is an attempt to avoid responsibility. In formal situations, 説明 may be safer.
遅刻の言い訳を考える。
To think of an excuse for being late.
言い訳は聞きたくない。
I don't want to hear your excuses.
A justification or defense of one's actions, similar to 言い訳 but slightly more formal and often used in legal or official contexts.
To explain the reason or cause behind something, often in a more analytical or logical sense.
The reason or cause for something. While not a direct translation of 'explanation', it is often used in contexts where one asks for or gives an explanation of why something happened.
彼が辞めた理由を説明してください。
Please explain the reason he quit.
A conjunction meaning 'because' or 'the reason is', used to introduce an explanation. Often paired with からだ/ためだ at the end of the sentence.
To explain how to do something, often step-by-step.
A guide or manual that provides explanations on how to do something. Often used for instructional booklets.
この手引きには詳しい説明が載っている。
This guide contains detailed explanations.
Literally 'way of using', this is commonly used to ask for or give explanations on how to use something.
説明 is a general explanation or description, while 解説 implies a more expert or analytical commentary, often used in media or academic contexts. Use 説明 for everyday explanations and 解説 for in-depth analysis.
言い訳 means 'excuse' and carries a negative connotation of avoiding blame. Do not use it when you simply mean a neutral explanation; use 説明 instead.
説明してもらえますか？
Can you give me an explanation?
彼の説明はわかりにくかった。
His explanation was confusing.
彼は自分の行動を弁解した。
He justified his actions.
彼は来なかった。なぜなら病気だったからだ。
He didn't come. The explanation is that he was sick.
このアプリの使い方を教えてください。
Please explain how to use this app.