Translation guide
The English word 'first' can express order, priority, or initial occurrence. In Japanese, the translation depends on whether you mean 'number one in a sequence', 'before anything else', 'for the first time', or 'the first thing to do'. This guide covers the most common and natural ways to express these nuances.
To indicate that something is the initial item in a series or ranking.
The most common and versatile word for 'first' in a sequence. Can be used as a noun or adverb.
Please open the first page.
Literally 'number one'. Used for explicit ordering, like in lists or rankings.
Formal or written style, often used in compound words or formal contexts like 'first place' or 'first priority'.
To express that an action should be done before others, or that something is the initial step.
An adverb meaning 'first of all' or 'to begin with'. Very common in instructions and conversation.
To express that something is happening or being experienced initially.
To express the initial step in a process or the most important priority.
A set phrase meaning 'first and foremost'. Emphasizes top priority.
To indicate winning or being number one in a contest.
Means 'first place' in rankings or competitions.
最初 (saisho) refers to the beginning of a sequence or order, while 初めて (hajimete) refers to a first-time experience. For example, 最初のページ (the first page) vs 初めてのページ (a page you see for the first time).
The first class is difficult.
First, let me explain the rules.
First, let's introduce ourselves.
The first candidate is him.
安全が第一です。
Safety comes first.
He got into his first-choice university.
まず、手を洗ってください。
First, please wash your hands.
First, let's toast with beer.
Similar to まず, but slightly more literal ('at the beginning'). Often interchangeable.
Finish your homework first.
Means 'ahead' or 'before others'. Used when doing something before someone else or before another action.
Adverb meaning 'for the first time'. Used with verbs to indicate a first experience.
Is this your first time in Japan?
I ate sushi for the first time.
Prefix meaning 'first' in compounds like 初体験 (first experience) or 初来日 (first visit to Japan). More formal or written.
I was moved when I visited Japan for the first time.
First and foremost, health is important.
Means 'above all else, first'. Stronger emphasis on priority.
First and foremost, please ensure safety.
彼はマラソンで一位になった。
He got first place in the marathon.
Means 'victory' or 'championship'. Used when winning a tournament or competition.
She won first place in the tennis tournament.
初めての授業は緊張した。
I was nervous in my first-ever class.
一番 (ichiban) means 'number one' or 'most', but not 'first' in a sequence. Use 最初 or 一番目 instead.
My favorite color is blue. (NOT 'first')
This is my first trip abroad.
She finished first in the race.