Translation guide
A framework is a basic structure or system that supports something, whether physical, conceptual, or organizational. This guide helps learners express this idea naturally in Japanese, covering structural frames, conceptual outlines, and policy/legal frameworks.
A supporting structure, like the skeleton of a building or a frame for construction.
Literally 'bone structure', used for the framework or skeleton of a building, ship, or other physical structure.
The framework of the building is complete.
A frame or framework, often used for both physical frames (like a window frame) and abstract structures.
Build the window framework.
Loanword from English, used in technical contexts like bicycle frames or picture frames, but less common for large structural frameworks.
The bicycle frame broke.
A basic set of ideas or rules that you use to understand something or make decisions.
The most common and versatile word for an abstract framework, such as a theoretical framework or a framework for discussion.
Let's decide on a framework for the discussion.
Refers to the essential points or outline of a plan, argument, or document. Similar to 'gist' or 'skeleton'.
Means 'broad outline' or 'general framework'. Used when you want to emphasize the overall structure without details.
A system of rules, laws, or agreements that form the basis of policy or governance.
Again the go-to word for a legal or policy framework. Often used with words like 法的 (legal) or 制度 (system).
We need to establish a legal framework.
Refers to a system or structure, often for organizations or political systems. Implies an established order.
Means 'system' or 'institution', often used for social, economic, or legal systems. Closer to 'regime' or 'institutional framework'.
枠組み is the safest choice for most abstract frameworks. 骨組み is more physical or structural, like a skeleton. フレームワーク is a technical loanword used mainly in business/IT. Avoid using フレームワーク for everyday physical frames.
framework for discussion
framework of a building
software framework
English uses 'framework' very broadly. In Japanese, it's often more natural to use a more specific word like 計画 (plan), 方針 (policy), or 構造 (structure) depending on context. Only use 枠組み when you truly mean an overarching structure or set of rules.
The framework of this theory is complex.
計画の骨子を説明してください。
Please explain the framework of the plan.
まず大枠で合意しましょう。
Let's agree on the broad framework first.
We introduced a new business framework.
新しい管理体制を構築する。
Build a new management framework.
税制の枠組みを見直す。
Review the tax framework.