Translation guide
The English word "general" has several distinct meanings. This guide covers the most common uses for learners: referring to something not specific or detailed (general idea, in general), a high-ranking military officer, and the sense of widespread or common. It also notes the phrase "in general" as a discourse marker.
Expressing that something is broad, not detailed, or applies to most cases.
general idea · general knowledge · in general terms
The most common and versatile adjective meaning 'general' or 'common'. Used for things that are typical or not specialized.
Please give me your general opinion.
This book is for general readers.
Means 'overall' or 'across the board'. Emphasizes covering a whole area or field.
As a general trend, sales are increasing.
A noun meaning 'outline' or 'summary'. Used for a general overview, often in formal or written contexts.
I will explain the general outline of the plan.
Used as a discourse marker to introduce a statement that is true in most cases.
Adverbial form meaning 'generally' or 'in general'. Very common.
Generally, Japanese summers are hot and humid.
A slightly more formal adverb meaning 'generally' or 'on the whole'.
Means 'mostly' or 'for the most part'. Often used when talking about people's opinions or predictions.
Referring to a general in the army, air force, or marines.
Describing something that is prevalent or affects many people or things.
The English word 'general' is often part of set phrases. Do not translate word-for-word. For example, 'general store' is not 一般的な店 but rather 雑貨店 (ざっかてん) or よろずや. 'General idea' is often 概要 (がいよう) or 大まかな考え (おおまかな かんがえ).
Both mean 'general', but 一般的 is more about what is common or typical, while 全般的 emphasizes covering all aspects or the whole scope. 全般的 is often used in reports or analyses.
He gave a general description of the plan.
Here 'general description' is naturally 概要 (がいよう) meaning 'outline' or 'summary'.
概して、彼の作品は評価が高い。
Generally, his works are highly regarded.
大方の予想では、彼が勝つだろう。
The general expectation is that he will win.
彼は海軍大将に昇進した。
He was promoted to admiral (general in the navy).
That is a generally known fact.
This is a general (universal) truth.