Translation guide
A product that has flaws, defects, or is not fully finished. Japanese has several nuanced terms depending on whether the item is damaged, second-hand, or simply not perfect.
A product that has a manufacturing defect or damage, often sold at a discount or returned.
Standard term for a defective product, often used in manufacturing, retail, or quality control contexts.
Can I return this defective product?
Defective products were found at the factory.
Emphasizes a flaw or defect, often used in legal or formal contexts regarding product liability.
Accidents caused by defective products have been reported.
Literally 'scratched item', used for products with cosmetic damage, often sold at a discount. Can also metaphorically mean something tainted.
These scratched items on the shelf are half price.
A product that is not new and may show signs of use, but is not necessarily defective.
A product that has minor flaws but is fully functional, often sold at outlet stores or as B-stock.
Refers to B-grade products, often with minor cosmetic defects, sold at a discount. Common in outlet malls.
I like looking for B-grade items at the outlet.
Literally 'item with a reason', a euphemism for products with minor flaws or packaging damage, often sold at a discount.
Outlet goods, often overstock or last season's items, sometimes with minor imperfections.
Outlet items are cheaper than usual.
A product that is not yet fully developed or lacks some features, like a prototype or beta version.
The direct translation '不完全な製品' (fukanzen na seihin) is grammatically correct but sounds unnatural and overly formal. Use the specific terms above depending on context.
不良品 is the everyday term for a defective product, while 欠陥品 is more formal and often used in legal or technical contexts regarding product safety.
Even second-hand goods are perfectly usable.
This discounted item just has a crushed box.