Translation guide
The English adverb 'jointly' means doing something together with others, sharing responsibility or effort. In Japanese, this concept is expressed through adverbs, compound verbs, or phrases that emphasize collaboration, shared action, or co-ownership.
Expressing that an action is done by two or more people or parties together, sharing the effort.
The most common and neutral way to say 'jointly'. Used for collaborative projects, research, ownership, etc.
This project is being carried out jointly by two companies.
They jointly developed a new product.
Emphasizes cooperation and working together. Slightly more about the act of cooperating than just sharing ownership.
The local people jointly prepared the festival (by cooperating).
Specifically for signing or issuing something jointly, like a letter or statement.
The presidents of both companies issued a statement jointly.
Indicating that something is owned, managed, or held by two or more parties together.
A specific legal phrase meaning each party is liable both together and individually.
Used in legal contexts for 'jointly and severally'. Often paired with '責任を負う' (bear responsibility).
They are jointly and severally liable for the debt.
While 一緒に (いっしょに) means 'together' in a general sense, 共同で implies a more formal or organized collaboration, often for a specific purpose or project. Use 一緒に for casual activities like eating or going somewhere.
Want to go see a movie together?
conduct research jointly
They jointly own the patent.