Translation guide
The English word 'justification' can refer to the act of justifying, a reason given, or a state of being justified. This guide covers how to express these ideas naturally in Japanese, from formal explanations to casual excuses.
Expressing the reason, basis, or grounds that make an action acceptable or right.
The most direct translation for 'justification' as a noun. Often used in formal or logical contexts to mean making something seem right or acceptable.
Justification of his actions is difficult.
Economic growth was cited as justification for the policy.
General word for 'reason'. Less formal than 正当化 and can be used in everyday situations.
Please explain the reason for your lateness.
Means 'basis' or 'grounds'. Used when justification is based on evidence or logic.
There is no sufficient justification for that claim.
Often means 'excuse' rather than a solid justification. Can imply a weak or self-serving reason.
Can sound like you are making excuses rather than giving a valid justification.
That's just an excuse.
The process of showing something to be right or reasonable.
Verb phrase meaning 'to justify something'. Use with a direct object.
He tried to justify his actions.
War cannot be justified.
To explain or defend oneself, often in a formal setting. Closer to 'vindication' or 'explanation'.
He justified his innocence. (He explained his innocence.)
A more literary or religious term for giving an account or justification.
The condition of being declared righteous or free from guilt, often in religious contexts.
Alignment of text to both margins.
Standard term for text justification in word processing and typography.
Set the paragraph to justified alignment.
Loanword from English, used in DTP and design contexts.
This text needs justification.
正当化 (seitōka) is a formal, logical justification. 理由 (riyū) is a neutral reason. 言い訳 (iiwake) often carries a negative nuance of making excuses. Choose based on formality and whether you want to sound defensive.
He explained the reason for being late, but it sounded like a mere excuse.
In everyday conversation, directly translating 'justification' as 正当化 can sound overly formal or stiff. Often, using 理由 or rephrasing with a verb like 説明する (to explain) is more natural.
There is no justification for such behavior.
He demanded a justification for the decision.
To give an account of one's deeds before God.