Translation guide
In Japanese, expressing 'negative charge' depends on context: physics/chemistry uses technical terms, while everyday language often uses descriptive phrases.
To refer to the property of having an excess of electrons, as in atoms, ions, or particles.
Standard technical term for negative electric charge. Used in physics and chemistry.
電子は負電荷を持っている。
Electrons have a negative charge.
Common alternative using 'minus', often in educational or less formal contexts.
この粒子はマイナス電荷を帯びている。
This particle carries a negative charge.
Slightly more formal or written style, using 負の (negative) + 電荷.
負の電荷を持つイオンを陰イオンという。
Ions with a negative charge are called anions.
To refer to the amount of negative charge, often in coulombs.
Refers to the quantity of negative charge. Used in technical contexts.
負の電荷量を測定する。
Measure the amount of negative charge.
To describe something being negatively charged in everyday situations, like static on clothes or hair.
Common way to say 'negative electricity' in daily life, e.g., static electricity.
セーターがマイナスの電気を帯びている。
The sweater is charged with negative electricity.
Literally 'negative static electricity', used when specifying polarity.
この布は負の静電気を発生しやすい。
This cloth tends to generate negative static electricity.
To refer to the negative side of a battery or power source.
Standard term for the negative terminal or electrode.
電池のマイナス極を外してください。
Please disconnect the negative terminal of the battery.
More technical term for negative electrode, used in chemistry and electronics.
負極では還元反応が起こる。
A reduction reaction occurs at the negative electrode.
負電荷 (ふでんか) is the standard technical term. マイナス電荷 is more colloquial and often used in teaching or non-specialist contexts. Both are correct, but 負電荷 is preferred in formal writing.
Do not translate 'negative charge' as 否定の料金 or similar. 料金 means fee/fare. Always use 電荷 (でんか) for electric charge.