Translation guide
The English phrase "one's living" refers to how a person earns money to support themselves, their livelihood, or their means of subsistence. In Japanese, this concept is expressed through various nouns and set phrases, often depending on formality and context.
Expressing the general concept of how one earns money to live, such as a job or profession.
A common, neutral noun meaning 'livelihood' or 'living'. Often used in phrases like 生計を立てる (to make a living).
He makes his living by painting.
Literally 'living expenses', this refers to the money needed to live. It can be used when talking about earning enough to cover costs.
I work to earn my living expenses.
Refers to one's daily life or way of living, including how one earns a living. More about lifestyle than strictly income.
Life in the countryside is relaxed.
A somewhat literary word meaning 'sustenance' or 'bread and butter'. Can be used metaphorically for one's livelihood.
For him, music is food for the soul.
Describing the action of earning money to support oneself, often with verbs.
A standard phrase meaning 'to make a living'. It is neutral and widely used.
She makes her living as a translator.
Literally 'to go on eating', this is a casual, common way to say 'to make a living' or 'to get by'.
I can't make a living on this salary.
Means 'to live' or 'to make a living', often used in the potential form 生活できる to express ability to support oneself.
He lives on just part-time jobs.
A verb meaning 'to earn (money)'. Often used in the phrase 生活費を稼ぐ (to earn a living).
Referring to the specific job or work that provides one's income.
The standard word for 'occupation' or 'profession'. Formal and neutral.
What is your occupation?
The most common word for 'work' or 'job'. Can refer to one's living in a general sense.
A somewhat literary term for 'occupation' or 'livelihood', often implying a traditional or lifelong trade.
The English possessive "one's" does not have a direct equivalent in Japanese. Instead of translating "one's living" word-for-word, use the appropriate noun or phrase that fits the context, such as 生計 (livelihood) or 生活費 (living expenses).
彼は家族のために一生懸命稼いでいる。
He works hard to earn a living for his family.
He is looking for work.
彼の生業は農業だ。
His livelihood is farming.