Translation guide
In Japanese, expressing 'overtime' depends on whether you mean working extra hours, the pay for those hours, or a sports extension. The most common term is 残業 (zangyō), but there are important nuances.
残業代は出ますか？
Do you get paid for overtime?
To refer to the act of working beyond one's regular working hours, often unpaid or part of company culture.
The standard term for overtime work. It implies working beyond normal hours, often without extra pay in Japanese work culture. Can be used as a noun or with する to mean 'do overtime'.
今日は残業します。
I'll work overtime today.
残業が続いて疲れた。
I'm tired from continuous overtime.
A more formal term for 'overtime work', often used in legal or official contexts. Literally 'outside-hours labor'.
時間外労働の上限規制が導入された。
Regulations on overtime work limits were introduced.
The verb form meaning 'to work overtime'. Very common in daily conversation.
毎日残業している。
I work overtime every day.
To refer to the extra money earned for working beyond regular hours.
The standard term for overtime pay. Combines 残業 (overtime) and 代 (charge/fee).
残業代が出ない会社もある。
Some companies don't pay overtime.
今月の残業代はいくらですか？
How much is this month's overtime pay?
A formal term for overtime allowance or premium pay. Often used in labor contracts.
時間外手当は法律で定められている。
Overtime allowance is stipulated by law.
To refer to an extra period of play in a game when scores are tied.
The standard term for 'overtime' in sports, meaning 'extended game'. Used in soccer, basketball, etc.
試合は延長戦に入った。
The game went into overtime.
Short for 延長戦, often used in contexts like 'overtime period' or 'extra time'.
In Japan, サービス残業 (sābisu zangyō, 'service overtime') refers to unpaid overtime that is often expected but not compensated. Be aware that simply saying 残業 may imply unpaid work in some contexts.
サービス残業が問題になっている。
Unpaid overtime is becoming an issue.
残業 is the everyday term for overtime work, while 時間外労働 is more formal and often used in legal or HR contexts. Use 残業 in casual conversation.
この会社では残業が当たり前だ。
Overtime is common in this company.
Refers specifically to the premium wage rate for overtime, typically 25% or more above normal pay. Technical term.
深夜労働には割増賃金が支払われる。
Premium wages are paid for late-night work.
延長で決勝点が入った。
The winning point was scored in overtime.
Loanword from English, used in some sports contexts, but less common than 延長戦.
バスケットボールではオーバータイムがよくある。
Overtime is common in basketball.